Literature
Jean Henri Gaston Giraud (French: [ʒiʁo]; 8 May 1938 – 10 March 2012) was a French artist, cartoonist and writer who worked in the Franco-Belgian bandes dessinées (BD) tradition. Giraud garnered worldwide acclaim predominantly under the pseudonym Moebius (/ˈmoʊbiəs/;[1] French: [məbjys]) and to a lesser extent Gir (French: [ʒiʁ]), which he used for the Blueberry series and his Western themed paintings. Esteemed by Federico Fellini, Stan Lee and Hayao Miyazaki among others,[2] he has been described as the most influential bandes dessinées artist after Hergé.[3]
His most famous works include the series Blueberry, created with writer Jean-Michel Charlier, featuring one of the first anti-heroes in Western comics. As Mœbius he created a wide range of science fiction and fantasy comics in a highly imaginative, surreal, almost abstract style. These works include Arzach and the Airtight Garage of Jerry Cornelius. He also collaborated with avant-garde filmmaker Alejandro Jodorowsky for an unproduced adaptation of Dune and the comic book series The Incal.
Mœbius also contributed storyboards and concept designs to numerous science fiction and fantasy films, such as Alien, Tron, The Fifth Element and The Abyss. Blueberry was adapted for the screen in 2004 by French director Jan Kounen.
Jean Giraud (Nogent-sur-Marne, 8 de maig de 1938 - París, 10 de març de 2012) va ser un dibuixant de còmics i il·lustrador francès, conegut inicialment amb el pseudònim Gir i posteriorment també com a Moebius.[1]
Durant els seus inicis, quan era conegut com a Gir, es dedicava a dibuixar westerns. Més endavant, durant els anys 70 i principis dels 80, la seva carrera va evolucionar com a dibuixant d'històries fantàstiques de ciència-ficció. La seva fama va anar en augment fins al punt que al seu país el van arribar a classificar com a company dels anomenats nous filòsofs (nouveaux philosophes) francesos.
Jean Giraud (Nogent-sur-Marne, Val-de-Marne; 8 de mayo de 1938-París, 10 de marzo de 20121) fue un historietista e ilustrador francés, que se dio a conocer con el seudónimo Gir y el western El Teniente Blueberry en 1964, para luego revolucionar la historieta de ciencia ficción de los años 1970 y principios de los 1980 con el seudónimo de Moebius y obras como El garaje hermético (1976-1979) o El Incal (1980). Tal fue su fama, que los medios de comunicación de su país llegaron a clasificarlo como compañero de los llamados nuevos filósofos franceses (nouveaux philosophes).2
Jean Giraud più noto con gli pseudonimi di Moebius e di Gir (Nogent-sur-Marne, 8 maggio 1938 – Parigi, 10 marzo 2012[1][2]) è stato un fumettista francese.
È stato per lungo tempo considerato uno dei maggiori talenti europei e il suo stile ha influenzato una generazione di artisti del fantastico e della fantascienza.
Jean Giraud (8 de maio de 1938 - 10 de março de 2012) foi um artista francês de história em quadrinhos que também colaborou na produção de diversos filmes. Giraud é também conhecido pelos pseudônimos de Moebius e Gir. Ele começou a publicar suas primeiras tiras aos 18 anos, logo tornando-se um dos ilustradores mais consagrados da Europa.
Jean Henri Gaston Giraud (Nogent-sur-Marne, 8 mei 1938 – Parijs, 10 maart 2012[1]) was een Franse striptekenaar. Hij tekende onder andere Blueberry, Silver Surfer, De Incal, De wereld van Edena en Arzak. Giraud tekende ook onder het pseudoniem Moebius.
Giraud beschikte over een uitzonderlijk tekentalent. Hij kon zonder enige moeite twee totaal van elkaar verschillende tekenstijlen hanteren. Als ‘Giraud’ maakte hij een realistische westernstrip getiteld 'Blueberry’. Als 'Moebius' liet hij een andere, spirituele en fantasiekant van zichzelf zien.
Jean Giraud (8 de maio de 1938 - 10 de março de 2012) foi um artista francês de história em quadrinhos que também colaborou na produção de diversos filmes. Giraud é também conhecido pelos pseudônimos de Moebius e Gir. Ele começou a publicar suas primeiras tiras aos 18 anos, logo tornando-se um dos ilustradores mais consagrados da Europa.
Jean Giraud was born in Nogent-sur-Marne, Val-de-Marne, in the suburbs of Paris, on 8 May 1938,[4][5] as the only child to Raymond Giraud, an insurance agent, and Pauline Vinchon, who had worked at the agency.[6] When he was three years old, his parents divorced and he was raised mainly by his grandparents, who were living in the neighboring municipality of Fontenay-sous-Bois (much later, when he was the acclaimed artist, Giraud returned to live in the municipality in the mid-1970s, but was unable to buy his grandparents' house[7]). The rupture between mother and father created a lasting trauma that he explained lay at the heart of his choice of separate pen names.[8] An introverted child at first, young Giraud found solace after World War II in a small theater, located on a corner in the street where his mother lived, which concurrently provided an escape from the dreary atmosphere in post-war reconstruction era France.[9] Playing an abundance of American B-Westerns, it was there that Giraud, frequenting the theater as often as he was able to, developed a passion for the genre, as had so many other European boys his age in those times.[7]
At age 9-10 Giraud started to draw Western comics while enrolled by his single mother as a stop-gap measure in the Saint-Nicolas boarding school in Issy-les-Moulineaux for two years (and where he became acquainted with Belgian comic magazines like Spirou and Tintin), much to the amusement of his school mates.[10] In 1954, at age 16,[11] he began his only technical training at the École Supérieure des Arts Appliqués Duperré, where he, unsurprisingly, started producing Western comics, which however did not sit well with his teachers.[12] At the college, he befriended other future comic artists, Jean-Claude Mézières and fr:Pat Mallet. With Mézières in particular, in no small part due to their shared passion for science fiction, Westerns and the Far West, Giraud developed a close lifelong friendship,[13] calling him a "continuing life's adventure" in later life.[14] In 1956 he left art school without graduating to visit his mother, who had married a Mexican in Mexico, and stayed there for nine months.
It was the experience of the Mexican desert, in particular its endless blue skies and unending flat plains, now seeing and experiencing for himself the vistas that had enthralled him so much when watching westerns on the silver screen only a few years earlier, which left an everlasting, "quelque chose qui m'a littéralement craqué l'âme",[15] enduring impression on him, easily recognizable in almost all of his later seminal works.[15] After his return to France, he started to work as a full-time tenured artist for Catholic publisher Fleurus, to whom he was introduced by Mézières, who had shortly before found employment at the publisher.[16][10] In 1959–1960 he was slated for military service in, firstly the French occupation zone of Germany, and subsequently Algeria,[17] in the throes of the vicious Algerian War at the time. Fortunately for him however, he somehow managed to escape frontline duty as he – being the only service man available at the time with a graphics background – served out his military obligations being set to work as illustrator on the army magazine 5/5 Forces Françaises, besides being assigned to logistic duties. Algeria was Giraud's second acquaintance with other, more exotic cultures and like he did in Mexico, he soaked in the experience, which made another indelible impression on the young man born as a suburban city boy, leaving its traces in his later comics, these ones especially in the ones created as "Mœbius".[7]
