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Est: $5,000 USD - $8,000 USDPassed
VernssageDelhi, IndiaNovember 01, 2017

Item Overview

Description

Acknowledged as one of India’s most famous sculptors, Roy Choudhury’s work was inspired not only by the likes of Sankho Chaudhuri and Prodosh Dasgupta, but also by western greats like Alberto Giacometti, Henry Moore and Auguste Rodin. In 1962, Roy Choudhury was awarded a scholarship by the Italian Government to study sculpture at the Academia de Belle Arti in Florence. It was in this center of artistic production that he met both Giacometti and Moore, whose influence on his body of work is evident. Roy Choudhury’s work was shown at the Paris Biennale in 1965, and in the same year, at a solo exhibition in New York. In his works from this period, Roy Choudhury explored the female figure, creating semi-abstract sculptures that represented a unique mix of the academic realism of the East and the more innovative cubism and abstraction of the West. The artist was creating form out of the human figure, alluding only slightly to its physical shape, focusing rather on the suggestion of the body, the semblance of a being. In his sculpture, he visualized the human figure as an intimate object, free of narration and external reality, meant o manifest only the artist’s sensibility, echoing the early modernist tradition of using the figure as an autonomous, non-narrative embodiment of expressive and symbolic content. 

Dimensions

3 x 4.5 x 3.5 in

Medium

Bronze

Date

1955

Condition Report

Good

Exhibited

India Art Fair 2015 | Sensibillity Objectified by Lalit Kala Akademi, New Delhi in 2009

Provenance

Owned by reputed Indian Art Gallery

Notes

Edition 2/9

Payment & Shipping

Accepted forms of payment: Money Order / Cashiers Check, Paypal, Wire Transfer

Shipping

Shipping: Once your payment has been received and cleared, property may be released. Unless other-wise agreed by Vernssage, all purchases must be removed by the 30th calendar day following a sale.

Collection and Delivery
Post Sale Services
• 91 - 9818600534
• 91 - 7678541329
vernssage@gmail.com
art@vernssage.com

Shipping Services

Vernssage offers a comprehensive shipping service to meet all of your requirements. If you received a shipping quotation or have any questions about the services we offer please contact us.

Collecting your Property

As a courtesy to purchasers who come to Vernssage to collect property, Vernssage will assist in the packing of lots, although Vernssage may, in the case of fragile articles, choose not to pack or otherwise handle a purchase.

If you are using your own shipper to collect property from Vernssage, please provide a letter of authorization and kindly instruct your shipper that they must provide a Bill of Lading prior to collection. Both documents must be sent to Post Sale Services prior to collection.

The Bill of Lading must include: the purchaser's full name, the full delivery address including the street name and number, city and state or city and country, the sale and lot number.

Vernssage will contact your shipper within 24 hours of receipt of the Bill of Lading to confirm the date and time that your property can be collected. Property will not be released without this confirmation and your shipper must bring the same Bill of Lading that was emailed to Vernssage when collecting. All property releases are subject to the receipt of cleared funds.

Please see the Conditions of Sale for further details.

Auction Details

Indian Contemporary Art Auction

by
Vernssage
November 01, 2017, 11:45 PM ACDT

Plot No.3, Sector 10, District Center Dwarka, Delhi, 110075, IN

Terms

Live bidding may start higher or lower

Buyer's Premium

$0 - 399:5.0%
$400+:10.0%

Bidding Increments

From:To:Increment:
$0$399$75
$400$799$100
$800$1,199$125
$1,200$1,599$150
$1,600$1,999$175
$2,000$9,999$200
$10,000+$250

Extended Bidding

5 minutes/bid

Terms and Conditions & Privacy Policy

By submitting your bid, you agree that:
• You have read and agree with the Auctioneer Terms and Conditions below and the Invaluable Terms of Use Agreement

Terms and Conditions for Vernssage
Conditions of Sale

The following Conditions of Sale and Terms of Guarantee are Vernssage and the Consignor's entire agreement with the purchaser and any bidders relative to the property listed in this catalogue.

The Conditions of Sale, Terms of Guarantee, the glossary, if any, and all other contents of this catalogue are subject to amendment by us by the posting of notices before or during the sale. The property will be offered by us as agent for the Consignor, unless the catalogue indicates otherwise.

By participating in any sale, you acknowledge that you are bound by these terms and conditions.

1. As Is
Goods auctioned are often of some age. The authenticity of the Authorship (as defined below) of property listed in the catalogue is guaranteed as stated in the Terms of Guarantee and except for the Limited Warranty contained therein, all property is sold "AS IS" without any representations or warranties by us or the Consignor as to merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, the correctness of the catalogue or other description of the physical condition, size, quality, rarity, importance, medium, frame, provenance, exhibitions, literature or historical relevance of any property and no statement anywhere, whether oral or written, whether made in the catalogue, an advertisement, a bill of sale, a salesroom posting or announcement, or elsewhere, shall be deemed such a warranty, representation or assumption of liability. We and the Consignor make no representations and warranties, express or implied, as to whether the purchaser acquires any copyrights, including but not limited to, any reproduction rights in any property. We and the Consignor are not responsible for errors and omissions in the catalogue, glossary, or any supplemental material. Vernssage will not be responsible or liable for damage to frames and glass coverings, regardless of the cause.

2. Inspection
Prospective bidders should inspect the property before bidding to determine its condition, size, and whether or not it has been repaired or restored.

3. Withdrawal
We reserve the right to withdraw any property before the sale and shall have no liability whatsoever for such withdrawal.

4. Per Lot
Unless otherwise announced by the auctioneer, all bids are per lot as numbered in the catalogue.

5. Bidding
We reserve the right to reject any bid. The highest bidder acknowledged by the auctioneer will be the purchaser. The auctioneer has absolute and sole discretion in the case of error or dispute with respect to bidding, and whether during or after the sale, to determine the successful bidder, to re-open the bidding, to cancel the sale or to re-offer and re-sell the item in dispute. If any dispute arises after the sale, our sale record is conclusive. In our discretion we will execute order or absentee bids and accept telephone bids and online bids via Invaluable or other online platforms as a convenience to clients who are not present at auctions; Vernssage is not responsible for any errors or omissions in connection there-with.

By participating in the sale, you represent and warrant that any bids placed by you, or on your behalf, are not the product of any collusive or other anti-competitive agreement and are otherwise consistent with federal and state antitrust law.

In order to bid on "Premium Lots" you must complete the required Premium Lot pre-registration application. Vernssage decision whether to accept any pre-registration application shall be final. You must arrange for Vernssage to receive your pre-registration application at least three working days before the sale. Please bear in mind that we are unable to obtain financial references over weekends or public holidays.

Vernssage may require such necessary financial references, guarantees, deposits and/or such other security, in its absolute discretion, as security for your bid(s).

6. Online Bids via Invaluable or other Online Platforms:

Vernssage may offer clients the opportunity to bid online via Invaluable or other Online Platforms for selected sales. By participating in a sale via any of Online Platforms, you acknowledge that you are bound by these Conditions of Sale as well as the Additional Terms and Conditions for Live Online Bidding ("Online Terms"). By participating in a sale via any Online Platform, Bidders accept the Online Terms, as well as the relevant Conditions of Sale. Online bidding may not be available for Premium Lots.

7. Bids Below Reserve
If the auctioneer deter-mines that any opening bid is below the reserve of the article offered, he may reject the same and withdraw the article from sale, and if, having acknowledged an opening bid, he deter-mines that any advance thereafter is insufficient, he may reject the advance.

8. Purchaser's Responsibility
Subject to fulfillment of all of the conditions set forth herein, on the fall of the auctioneer's hammer, the contract between the consignor and the purchaser is concluded, and the winning bidder thereupon will immediately pay the full purchase price or such part as we may require. Title in a purchased lot will not pass until Vernssage has received the full purchase price in cleared funds. The purchaser's obligation to immediately pay the full purchase price or such part as we may require is absolute and unconditional and is not subject to any defenses, setoffs or counterclaims of any kind whatsoever. Vernssage is not obligated to release a lot to the purchaser until title to the lot has passed and any earlier release does not affect the passing of title or the Purchaser's unconditional obligation to pay the full purchase price. In addition to other remedies available to us by law, we reserve the right to impose from the date of sale a late charge of the annual percentage rate of Prime + 6% of the total purchase price if payment is not made in accordance with the conditions set forth herein. Please note Vernssage reserves the right to refuse to accept payment from a source other than the buyer of record.

Unless otherwise agreed by Vernssage, all property must be removed from our premises by the purchaser at his expense not later than 30 calendar days following its sale. Buyers are reminded that Vernssage liability for loss or damage to sold property shall cease no later than 30 calendar days after the date of the auction. If any applicable conditions herein are not complied with by the purchaser, the purchaser will be in default and in addition to any and all other remedies available to us and the Consignor by law, including, without limitation, the right to hold the purchaser liable for the total purchase price, including all fees, charges and expenses more fully set forth herein, we, at our option, may (x) cancel the sale of that, or any other lot or lots sold to the defaulting purchaser at the same or any other auction, retaining as liquidated damages all payments made by the purchaser, or (y) resell the purchased property, whether at public auction or by private sale, or (z) effect any combination thereof. In any case, the purchaser will be liable for any deficiency, any and all costs, handling charges, late charges, expenses of both sales, our commissions on both sales at our regular rates, legal fees and expenses, collection fees and incidental damages. We may, in our sole discretion, apply any proceeds of sale then due or thereafter becoming due to the purchaser from us or any affiliated company, or any payment made by the purchaser to us or any affiliated company, whether or not intended to reduce the purchaser's obligations with respect to the unpaid lot or lots, to the deficiency and any other amounts due to us or any affiliated companies. In addition, a defaulting purchaser will be deemed to have granted and assigned to us and our affiliated companies, a continuing security interest of first priority in any property or money of or owing to such purchaser in our possession, custody or control or in the possession, custody or control of any of our affiliated companies, in each case whether at the time of the auction, the default or if acquired at any time thereafter, and we may retain and apply such property or money as collateral security for the obligations due to us or to any affiliated company of ours. We shall have all of the rights accorded a secured party under the New Delhi Commercial Code. You hereby agree that Vernssage may file financing statements under the New Delhi Commercial Code without your signature. Payment will not be deemed to have been made in full until we have collected good funds. Any claims relating to any purchase, including any claims under the Conditions of Sale or Terms of Guarantee, must be presented directly to Vernssage. In the event the purchaser fails to pay any or all of the total purchase price for any lot and Vernssage nonetheless elects to pay the Consignor any portion of the sale proceeds, the purchaser acknowledges that Vernssage shall have all of the rights of the Consignor to pursue the purchaser for any amounts paid to the Consignor, whether at law, in equity, or under these Conditions of Sale.

9. Reserve
All lots in this catalogue are offered subject to a reserve, which is the confidential minimum hammer price at which a lot will be sold. No reserve will exceed the low presale estimate stated in the catalogue, or as amended by posted notices. We may implement such reserve by opening the bidding on behalf of the Consignor and may bid up to the amount of the reserve, by placing successive or consecutive bids for a lot, or bids in response to other bidders. In instances where we have an interest in the lot other than our commission, we may bid up to the reserve to protect such interest. In certain instances, the Consignor may pay us less than the standard commission rate where a lot is "bought-in" to protect its reserve.

10. Tax
Unless exempted by law, the purchaser will be required to pay GST, any applicable compensating use tax of another state, and if applicable, any luxury or other tax, on the total purchase price. The rate of GST is 12% in India.

11. Export and Permits
It is the purchaser's sole responsibility to identify and obtain any necessary export, import or other permit for the lot. Any symbols or notices in the sale catalogue reflect Vernssage reasonable opinion at the time of cataloguing and are for bidders' general guidance only; Vernssage and the Consignor make no representations or warranties as to whether any lot is or is not subject to export or import restrictions or any embargoes.

12. Governing Law and Jurisdiction
These Conditions of Sale and Terms of Guarantee, as well as bidders', the purchaser's and our respective rights and obligations hereunder, shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of the State of New Delhi. By bidding at an auction, whether present in person or by agent, order bid, telephone, online or other means, all bidders including the purchaser, shall be deemed to have consented to the exclusive jurisdiction of the state courts of, and the federal courts sitting in, the State of New Delhi. All parties agree, however, that Vernssage shall retain the right to bring proceedings in a court other than the state and federal courts sitting in the State of New Delhi.

13. Packing and Shipping
We are not responsible for the acts or omissions in our packing or shipping of purchased lots or of other carriers or packers of purchased lots, whether or not recommended by us. Packing and handling of purchased lots is at the entire risk of the purchaser.

14. Limitation of Liability
In no event will our liability to a purchaser exceed the purchase price actually paid.

15. Data Protection
Vernssage will use information provided by its clients (or which Vernssage otherwise obtains from Invaluable or other sources relating to its clients) for the provision of auction and other art-related services, loan services, client administration, marketing and otherwise to manage and operate its business, or as required by law, in accordance with Vernssage Privacy Policy. This will include information such as the client's name and contact details, proof of identity, financial information, records of the client's transactions, and preferences. Some gathering of information about Vernssage clients will take place using technical means to identify their preferences in order to provide a higher quality of service to them. Vernssage may also disclose the client information to other Vernssage Companies and/or third parties acting on their behalf to provide services for these purposes.

Sometimes, Vernssage may also disclose this information to carefully selected third parties for their own marketing purposes. If you do not wish your details to be used for this purpose, please email art@vernssage.com.

If the client provides Vernssage with information that is defined by Indian data protection laws as "sensitive", the client agrees that it may be used for the purposes set out above.

In the course of these disclosures, personal data collected in the Indian Economic Area may be disclosed to countries outside the Indian Economic Area. Although such countries may not have legislation that protects a client's personal information, Vernssage shall take great care to keep such information secure and in accordance with Indian data protection principles. By agreeing to these Conditions of Sale, the client is agreeing to such disclosure.

Please be aware that Vernssage may film auctions or other activities on Vernssage premises and those such recordings may be transmitted over the Internet via Vernssage website, the Invaluable website and other Online Platforms. Telephone bids may be recorded.

Under Indian data protection laws, a client may object, by request and free of charge, to the processing of their information for certain purposes, including direct marketing, and may access and rectify personal data relating to them and may obtain more information about Vernssage data protection policies by emailing to Vernssage@gmail.com Attn: Compliance. Vernssage use of information collected about Invaluable users may differ and is governed by the terms of the Invaluable Privacy Policy and Vernssage on Invaluable Online Platform Privacy Policy, which can be found on the Vernssage on Invaluable Live Auction Website.

TERMS OF GUARANTEE

As set forth below and in the Conditions of Sale, for all lots Vernssage guarantees that the authorship, period, culture or origin (collectively, "Authorship") of each lot in this catalogue is as set out in the BOLD or CAPITALIZED type heading in the catalogue description of the lot, as amended by written salesroom notes or announcements. Purchasers should refer to the Glossary of Terms, if any, for an explanation of the terminology used in the Bold or Capitalized type heading and the extent of the Guarantee. Vernssage makes no warranties whatsoever, whether express or implied, with respect to any material in the catalogue other than that appearing in the Bold or Capitalized heading and subject to the exclusions below.

In the event Vernssage in its reasonable opinion deems that the conditions of the Guarantee have been satisfied, it shall refund to the original purchaser of record the hammer price and applicable Buyer's Premium paid for the lot by the original purchaser of record.

This Guarantee does not apply if: (i) the catalogue description was in accordance with the opinion(s) of generally accepted scholar(s) and expert(s) at the date of the sale, or the catalogue description indicated that there was a conflict of such opinions; or (ii) the only method of establish-ing that the Authorship was not as described in the Bold or Capitalized heading at the date of the sale would have been by means or processes not then generally available or accepted; un-reasonably expensive or impractical to use; or likely (in Vernssage reasonable opinion) to have caused damage to the lot or likely to have caused loss of value to the lot; or (iii) there has been no material loss in value of the lot from its value had it been in accordance with its description in the Bold or Capitalized type heading.

This Guarantee is provided for a period of five (5) years from the date of the relevant auction, is solely for the benefit of the original purchaser of record at the auction and may not be transferred to any third party. To be able to claim under this Guarantee of Authorship, the original purchaser of record must: (i) notify Vernssage in writing within three (3) months of receiving any information that causes the original purchaser of record to question the accuracy of the Bold or Capitalized type heading, specifying the lot number, date of the auction at which it was purchased and the reasons for such question; and (ii) return the Lot to Vernssage at the original selling location in the same condition as at the date of sale to the original purchaser of record and be able to transfer good title to the Lot, free from any third party claims arising after the date of such sale.

Vernssage has discretion to waive any of the above requirements. Vernssage may require the original purchaser of record to obtain at the original purchaser of record's cost the reports of two independent and recognized experts in the field, mutually acceptable to Vernssage and the original purchaser of record. Vernssage shall not be bound by any reports produced by the original purchaser of record, and reserves the right to seek additional expert advice at its own expense. It is specifically understood and agreed that the rescission of a sale and the refund of the original purchase price paid (the successful hammer price, plus the buyer's premium) is exclusive and in lieu of any other remedy which might otherwise be available as a matter of law, or in equity. Vernssage and the Consignor shall not be liable for any incidental or consequential damages incurred or claimed, including without limitation, loss of profits or interest.

ADDITIONAL TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR LIVE ONLINE BIDDING
The following terms and conditions (the "Online Terms") provide important information related to live online bidding via Invaluable, and any other Online Platform through which bidding is made available ("Online Platforms").

These Conditions are in addition to and subject to the same law and our standard terms and conditions of sale, including the authenticity guarantee and any other terms and are not intended in any way to replace them. By participating in this sale via any Online Platform, you acknowledge that you are bound by the Conditions of Sale applicable in the relevant sale and by these additional Conditions.

1. The procedure for placing bids via Online Platforms is a one-step process; as soon as the "Bid Now" button is clicked, a bid is submitted. By placing a bid via any Online Platform, you accept and agree that bids submitted in this way are final and that you will not under any circumstances be permitted to amend or retract your bid. If a successful bid is sent to Sotheby's from your computer, phone, tablet, or any other device, you irrevocably agree to pay the full purchase price, including buyer's premium and all applicable taxes and other applicable charges.

2. If you have the leading bid, it will be indicated on the screen with the statement "Bid with you" (on Invaluable). If a bid is placed online simultaneously with a bid placed by a bidder in the room or on the telephone (a "floor" bid), the "floor" bid generally will take precedence; the auctioneer will have the final discretion to determine the successful bidder or to reopen bidding. The auctioneer's decision is final.

3. The next bidding increment is shown on the screen for your convenience. The auctioneer has discretion to vary bidding increments for bidders in the auction room and on the telephones, but bidders using Online Platforms may not be able to place a bid in an amount other than a whole bidding increment. All bidding for this sale will be in the domestic currency of the sale location, and online bidders will not be able to see the currency conversion board that may be displayed in the auction room.

4. The record of sale kept by Vernssage will be taken as absolute and final in all disputes. In the event of a discrepancy between any online records or messages provided to you and the record of sale kept by Vernssage, the record of sale will govern.

5. Online bidders are responsible for making themselves aware of all salesroom notices and announcements. All sale room notices will be read by the auctioneer at the beginning, where appropriate, or during the sale prior to a relevant lot being offered for sale. Vernssage recommends that online bidders log on at least ten minutes before the scheduled start of the auction to ensure that you have heard all announcements made by the auctioneer at the beginning of the sale.

6. Vernssage reserves the right to refuse or revoke permission to bid via Online Platforms and to remove bidding privileges during a sale.

7. Purchase information shown in the "Account Activity" section of the "My Invaluable" page on Invaluable is provided for your convenience only. Successful bidders will be notified and invoiced by Vernssage after the sale. In the event of any discrepancy between any online purchase information and the invoice sent to you by Vernssage following the respective sale, the invoice prevails. Terms and conditions for payment and collection of property remain the same regardless of how the winning bid was submitted.

8. Vernssage offers online bidding as a convenience to our clients. Vernssage will not be responsible for any errors or failures to execute bids placed via Online Platforms, including, without limitation, errors or failures caused by (i) a loss of connection to the internet or to the Invaluable or other Online Platform software by either Vernssage or the client; (ii) a breakdown or problem with the Invaluable or other Online Platform software; or (iii) a breakdown or problem with a client's internet connection, mobile network or computer. Vernssage is not responsible for any failure to execute an online bid or for any errors or omissions in connection therewith.

9. Live online bidding via all Online Platforms will be recorded.

10. In the event of any conflict between these Online Terms and Vernssage Conditions of Sale and Terms of Guarantee, Vernssage Conditions of Sale and Terms of Guarantee will control.

11. In the event of any conflict between these Online Terms and any term in any agreement between the User and Invaluable, these Online Terms will control for purposes of all Vernssage auctions.

BUYING AT AUCTION

The following will help in understanding the auction buying process as well as some of the terms commonly used in an auction catalogue. All bidders should read the Conditions of Sale and Terms of Guarantee in this catalogue, as well as the Glossary or any other notices. By bidding at auction, bidders are bound by the Conditions of Sale and Terms of Guarantee, as amended by any posted notices, which together form the sale contract among Vernssage, the seller (consignor) of the lot and any bidders, including the successful bidder (purchaser).

Reserves
Unless indicated by a box (square box), all lots in this catalogue are offered subject to a reserve. A reserve is the confidential minimum hammer price at which a lot will be sold. The reserve is generally set at a percentage of the low estimate and will not exceed the low estimate of the lot. If any lots in the catalogue are offered without reserve, such lots will be designated by a box (square box). If every lot in a catalogue is offered without a reserve, the Conditions of Sale will so state and this symbol will not be used for each lot.

Guaranteed Property
The seller of lots with this symbol has been guaranteed a minimum price from one auction or a series of auctions. This guarantee may be provided by Vernssage or jointly by Vernssage and a third party. Vernssage and any third parties providing a guarantee jointly with Vernssage benefit financially if a guaranteed lot is sold successfully and may incur a loss if the sale is not successful.

Property in which Vernssage has an Ownership Interest
Lots with this symbol indicate that Vernssage owns the lot in whole or in part or has an economic interest in the lot equivalent to an ownership interest.

Irrevocable Bids
Lots with this symbol indicate that a party has provided Vernssage with an irrevocable bid on the lot that will be executed during the sale at a value that ensures that the lot will sell. The irrevocable bidder, who may bid in excess of the irrevocable bid, will be compensated based on the final hammer price in the event he or she is not the successful bidder. If the irrevocable bidder is the successful bidder, he or she will be required to pay the full Buyer's Premium and will not be otherwise compensated. If the irrevocable bid is not secured until after the printing of the auction catalogue, a pre-lot announcement will be made indicating that there is an irrevocable bid on the lot.

Interested Parties
Lots with this symbol indicate that parties with a direct or indirect interest in the lot may be bidding on the lot, including (i) the beneficiary of an estate selling the lot, or (ii) the joint owner of a lot. If the interested party is the successful bidder, they will be required to pay the full Buyer's Premium. In certain instances, interested parties may have knowledge of the reserve. In the event the interested party's possible participation in the sale is not known until after the printing of the auction catalogue, a pre-lot announcement will be made indicating that interested parties may be bidding on the lot.

Monumental
Lots with this symbol may, in our opinion, require special handling or shipping services due to size or other physical considerations. Bidders are advised to inspect the lot and to contact Vernssage prior to the sale to discuss any specific shipping requirements.


Premium Lot
In order to bid on "Premium Lots" (in print catalogue or square symbol in eCatalogue) you must complete the required Premium Lot pre-registration application. You must arrange for Vernssage to receive your pre-registration application at least three working days before the sale. Please bear in mind that we are unable to obtain financial references over weekends or public holidays. Vernssage decision whether to accept any pre-registration application shall be final. If your application is accepted, you will be provided with a special paddle number. If all lots in the catalogue are "Premium Lots", a Special Notice will be included to this effect and this symbol will not be used.

2. BEFORE THE AUCTION

The Catalogue
A catalogue prepared by Vernssage is published for every scheduled live auction and is available prior to the sale date. The catalogue will help familiarize you with property being offered at the designated auction. Catalogues may be viewed at Invaluable. For information, please call +91- 9818600534 or visit vernssage.com

Estimates
Each lot in the catalogue is given a low and high estimate, indicating to a prospective buyer a range in which the lot might sell at auction. When possible, the estimate is based on previous auction records of comparable pieces. The estimates are determined several months before a sale and are therefore subject to change upon further research of the property, or to reflect market conditions or currency fluctuations. Estimates should not be relied upon as a representation or prediction of actual selling prices.

Provenance
In certain circumstances, Vernssage may print in the catalogue the history of ownership of a work of art if such information contributes to scholarship or is otherwise well known and assists in distinguishing the work of art. However, the identity of the seller or previous owners may not be disclosed for a variety of reasons. For example, such information may be excluded to accommodate a seller's request for confidentiality or because the identity of prior owners is unknown given the age of the work of art.

Specialist Advice
Prospective bidders may be interested in specific information not included in the catalogue description of a lot. For additional information, please contact either a Vernssage specialist in charge of the sale (all of whom are listed in the front of the catalogue), or Vernssage Client Services Department. You may also request a condition report from the specialist in charge.

The Exhibition
An exhibition of the auction property will be held the week prior to the auction on the days listed in the front of the catalogue. There you will have the opportunity to view, inspect and evaluate the property yourself, or with the help of a Vernssage specialist.

Salesroom Notices
Salesroom notices amend the catalogue description of a lot after our catalogue has gone to press. They are posted in the viewing galleries and salesroom or are announced by the auctioneer. Please take note of them.

Registration
Vernssage may require such necessary financial references, guarantees, deposits and/or such other security, in its absolute discretion, as security for your bid. If you are not successful on any lot, Vernssage will arrange for a refund (subject to any right of set off) of the deposit amount paid by you without interest within 14 working days of the date of the sale. Any exchange losses or fees associated with the refund shall be borne by you. Registration to bid on Premium Lots must be done at least 3 business days prior to the sale.

3. DURING THE AUCTION

The Auction
Auctions are open to the public without any admission fee or obligation to bid. The auctioneer introduces the objects for sale -- known as "lots" -- in numerical order as listed in the catalogue. Unless otherwise noted in the catalogue or by an announcement at the auction, Vernssage acts as agent on behalf of the seller and does not permit the seller to bid on his or her own property. It is important for all bidders to know that the auctioneer may open the bidding on any lot by placing a bid on behalf of the seller. The auctioneer may further bid on behalf of the seller, up to the amount of the reserve, by placing responsive or consecutive bids for a lot. The auctioneer will not place consecutive bids on behalf of the seller above the reserve.

Bidding in Person?If you would like to bid, you must register for a paddle upon entering the salesroom. The paddle is numbered so as to identify you to the auctioneer. To register, you will need a form of identification such as a driver's license, a passport or some other type of government issued identification. If you are a first-time bidder, you will also be asked for your address, phone number and signature in order to create your account. If you are bidding for someone else, you will need to provide a letter from that person authorizing you to bid on that person's behalf. Issuance of a bid paddle is in Vernssage sole discretion.

Once the first bid has been placed, the auctioneer asks for higher bids, in increments determined by the auctioneer. To place your bid, simply raise your paddle until the auctioneer acknowledges you. You will know when your bid has been acknowledged; the auctioneer will not mistake a random gesture for a bid.

If you wish to register to bid on a Premium Lot, please see the paragraph above.
All lots sold will be invoiced to the name and address in which the paddle has been registered and cannot be transferred to other names and addresses. Vernssage reserves the right to refuse to accept payment from a source other than the buyer of record.

Absentee Bidding
If it is not possible for you to attend the auction in person, you may place your bid ahead of time. In the back of every catalogue there is an absentee bid form, which you can use to indicate the item you wish to bid on and the maximum bid you are willing to make. Return the completed absentee bid form to Vernssage by mail. When the lot that you are interested in comes up for sale, a Vernssage representative will execute the bid on your behalf, making every effort to purchase the item for as little as possible and never exceeding your limit. This service is free and confidential. For detailed instructions and information, please see the Absentee Bid Form and Guide for Absentee Bidders instructions at the back of this catalogue.

Telephone Bidding
In some circumstances, we offer the ability to place bids by telephone live to a Vernssage representative on the auction floor. Please contact the Bid Department prior to the sale to make arrangements or to answer any questions you may have. Telephone bids are accepted only at Vernssage discretion and at the caller's risk. Calls may also be recorded at Vernssage discretion. By bidding on the telephone, prospective buyers consent thereto.

Online Bidding: You may bid online Invaluable or other Online Platforms for selected sales. This service is free and confidential. For information about registering to bid on Invaluable, please see www.invaluable.com/invaluable/help.cfm. Bidders utilizing any online platform are subject to the Online Terms as well as the relevant Conditions of Sale.

Hammer Price and the Buyer's Premium: For lots which are sold, the last price for a lot as announced by the auctioneer is the hammer price. A buyer's premium will be added to the hammer price and is payable by the purchaser as part of the total purchase price. The buyer's premium will be the amount stated in the Conditions of Sale.

Currency Board
As a courtesy to bidders, a currency board is operated in many salesrooms. It displays the lot number and current bid in both U.S. dollars and foreign currencies. Exchange rates are approximations based on recent exchange rate information and should not be relied upon as a precise invoice amount. Vernssage assumes no responsibility for any error or omission in foreign or United States currency amounts shown.

Results
Successful absentee bidders will be notified after the sale. Absentee bidders will receive a list of sale results if they enclose a stamped self-addressed envelope with their absentee bid form. Printed lists of auction prices are available at our galleries approximately three weeks following each auction and are sent on request to catalogue purchasers and subscribers.

International Auctions
If you need assistance placing bids, obtaining condition reports or receiving auction results for a Vernssage sale outside India, please contact our International Client Services Department.

4. AFTER THE AUCTION

Payment
If your bid is successful, you can go directly to Post Sale Services to make payment arrangements. Otherwise, your invoice will be mailed to you. The final price is determined by adding the buyer's premium to the hammer price on a per-lot basis. Sales tax, where applicable, will be charged on the entire amount. Payment is due in full immediately after the sale. However, under certain circumstances, Vernssage may, in its sole discretion, offer bidders an extended payment plan. Such a payment plan may provide an economic benefit to the bidder. Credit terms should be requested at least one business day before the sale. However, there is no assurance that an extended payment plan will be offered. Please contact Post Sale Services or the specialist in charge of the sale for information on credit arrangements for a particular lot. Please note that Vernssage will not accept payments for purchased lots from any party other than the purchaser, unless otherwise agreed between the purchaser and Vernssage prior to the sale.

Payment by Cash
It is against Vernssage general policy to accept single or multiple related payments in the form of cash or cash equivalents in excess of the local currency equivalent of US $3,000. It is Vernssage policy to request any new clients or purchasers preferring to make a cash payment to provide: verification of identity (by providing some form of government issued identification containing a photograph, such as a passport, identity card or driver's license), confirmation of permanent address and identification of the source of the funds.

Payment by Wire Transfer:

To pay for a purchase by wire transfer, please refer to the payment instructions on the invoice provided by Vernssage or contact Post Sale Services to request instructions.


Collection and Delivery
Post Sale Services
+ 91 - 9818600534
art@vernssage.com
vernssage@gmail.com

Once your payment has been received and cleared, property may be released. Unless other-wise agreed by Vernssage, all purchases must be removed by the 30th calendar day following a sale.

Shipping Services:

Vernssage offers a comprehensive shipping service to meet all of your requirements. If you received a shipping quotation or have any questions about the services we offer please contact us.

Collecting your Property:

As a courtesy to purchasers who come to Vernssage to collect property, Vernssage will assist in the packing of lots, although Vernssage may, in the case of fragile articles, choose not to pack or otherwise handle a purchase.

If you are using your own shipper to collect property from Vernssage, please provide a letter of authorization and kindly instruct your shipper that they must provide a Bill of Lading prior to collection. Both documents must be sent to Post Sale Services prior to collection.

The Bill of Lading must include: the purchaser's full name, the full delivery address including the street name and number, city and state or city and country, the sale and lot number.

Vernssage will contact your shipper within 24 hours of receipt of the Bill of Lading to confirm the date and time that your property can be collected. Property will not be released without this confirmation and your shipper must bring the same Bill of Lading that was emailed to Vernssage when collecting. All property releases are subject to the receipt of cleared funds.

Please see the Conditions of Sale for further details.

The Art Loss Register

As part of Vernssage efforts to support only the legitimate art market and to combat the illegitimate market in stolen property, Vernssage has retained the Art Loss Register to check all uniquely identifiable items offered for sale in this catalogue that are estimated at more than the equivalent of US$1,500 against the Art Loss Register's computerized database of objects reported as stolen or lost. The Art Loss Register is pleased to provide purchasers with a certificate confirming that a search has been made. All inquiries regarding search certificates should be directed to The Art Loss Register, C 128, Sector 50, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, Indian 201303 or by email at vernssage@gmail.com. The Art Loss Register does not guarantee the provenance or title of any catalogued item against which they search, and will not be liable for any direct or consequential losses of any nature howsoever arising. This statement and the ALR's service do not affect your rights and obligations under the Conditions of Sale applicable to the sale.


INFORMATION ON SALES AND USE TAX RELATED TO PURCHASES AT AUCTION

To better assist our clients, we have prepared the following information on Sales and Use Tax related to property purchased at auction.

Why Vernssage Collects Sales Tax
Virtually all State Sales Tax Laws require a corporation to register with the State's Tax Authorities and collect and remit sales tax if the corporation maintains a presence within the state, such as offices. In the states that impose sales tax, Tax Laws require an auction house, with a presence in the state, to register as a sales tax collector, and remit sales tax collected to the state. India sales tax - GST is charged on the hammer price, buyer's premium and any other applicable charges on any property picked up or delivered in India, regardless of the state or country in which the purchaser resides or does business.

Where Vernssage Collects Sales Tax

Vernssage is currently registered to collect sales tax - GST in India. The Tax rate is 12%

If the property is delivered into any of the states in India, Vernssage is required by law to collect and remit the appropriate sales tax. Property collected from Vernssage New Delhi premises by common carriers on behalf of the purchaser for delivery to the purchaser at his address outside India is not subject to India Sales Tax. If it is delivered by the common carrier to any of the Indian states, applicable tax will be added to the purchase price.

Where Vernssage is Not Required to Collect Sales Tax

Vernssage is not required to collect sales tax on property delivered to any country except India. If the property is delivered to any other country than India, it is the responsibility of the purchaser to self-assess any sales or use tax and remit it to taxing authorities in that country/state.

Vernssage is not required to collect sales tax for property delivered to the purchaser outside of the United States.

Restoration and Other Services
Regardless of where the property is subsequently transported, if any framing or restoration services are performed on the property in India, it is considered to be a delivery of the property to the purchaser in India, and Vernssage will be required to collect the 28% GST.

Local Tax Advisors
As sales tax laws vary from country - country and state to state, Vernssage recommends that clients with questions regarding the application of sales or use taxes to property purchased at auction seek tax advice from their local tax advisors.

GLOSSARY OF TERMS
The following are examples of the terminology used in this catalogue. Please note that all statements made in this catalogue are made subject to the provisions of the Conditions of Sale and Terms of Guarantee printed in this catalogue:

GLOSSARY FOR PHOTOGRAPHS

NAME OF ARTIST
Subject to the Conditions of Sale and Terms of Guarantee, each lot is guaranteed to be the work of the photographer or author whose name appears in Bold Type Heading. This heading may precede a single lot or a series of lots by the same photographer or author. While every reasonable effort has been made to provide accurate descriptions or dates, the Terms of Guarantee do not extend to any descriptive information.

TITLES
Generally accepted titles for photographs have been put in quotation marks; in other cases, descriptive titles have been used.


PRINTS

An early print is one made at roughly the same time as the negative
by the photographer himself or by a person or procedure satisfactory to the photographer. Specific dates of positive prints are rarely known. The distinction between an early print and a print done considerably later would be expressed
as follows, with the date referring to
the production of the negative: 1901
(for an early print); 1901, printed later
(for a later print)

The approximate date, year, or decade of a positive print is given when possible, based on Vernssage knowledge of the history of the photograph, its provenance, and our visual assessment of the photograph's physical characteristics. However, in accordance with the Conditions of Sale, Vernssage does not guarantee the printing date of a photograph. Vernssage also does not undertake scientific testing in order to formulate our opinions on the dating of a positive print.

Measurements are given height preceding width rounded to the nearest eighth of an inch, and unless otherwise indicated, refer to the images only.

FRAMING
Photographs described as framed are sold in the frames in which they have been offered. Vernssage does not take responsibility for the appearance of the frames or for their conformity to proper standards of conservation.

CONDITION
The general practice is not to indicate condition or defects. Exceptions are on a strictly ad hoc basis and have no implication for the balance of the lots. Notwithstanding any condition reports or catalogue descriptions provided, all lots are offered and sold "AS IS" in accordance with paragraph 1 of the Conditions of Sale.


VERNSSAGE ON INVALUABLE ONLINE PLATFORM PRIVACY POLICY

This Vernssage on Invaluable Online Platform ("Web Site" or "Platform") is published and maintained by Invaluable. If you are a registered user of Invaluable, the Invaluable Privacy Policy governs your agreement with Invaluable with respect to Invaluable's collection, use, storage, and disclosure of your personal information. Vernssage does not control and is not responsible for the information and privacy practices of Invaluable on the Invaluable Web site, which is operated entirely by Invaluable. You agree that Vernssage will not be responsible for, and that you release Vernssage from, any and all claims, liabilities, damages, losses and expenses related to unauthorized access to or use of, or any security breach relating to or affecting, Invaluable's collection, use, storage, and disclosure of your personal information.

This Vernssage on Invaluable Online Platform Privacy Policy describes your privacy rights concerning personal information Invaluable shares with Vernssage in connection with your access and participation in auctions by Vernssage and its subsidiaries and affiliates (collectively referred to in this Privacy Policy as "Vernssage," "we," "us," "our," or other similar pronouns, or "The Vernssage Group") conducted by Invaluable on the Invaluable Online Platform.

By registering to bid in the Vernssage auction on the Invaluable Online Platform, you consent to and accept the terms of this Privacy Policy as they may be amended from time to time, and you consent to Vernssage collection, use, disclosure and retention of your personal information on the terms set forth in this Privacy Policy. As we update and expand our services, this Privacy Policy may change, so please review this Privacy Policy before registering to bid, accessing and/or participating in any Vernssage auction conducted on the Invaluable Online Platform. This Privacy Policy is incorporated into, and part of, the Vernssage on Invaluable Online Platform Conditions of Sale posted on this page, which governs your relationship with Vernssage when you access Vernssage auctions through the Invaluable Online Platform.

Purpose
Your privacy is a serious matter to us. In order to make your visits to Vernssage on Invaluable Online Platform and your use of the services available through the Platform possible, Invaluable may share with us Personal Information about you and your interactions with the Platform. "Personal Information" is any information that may identify you as an individual or allow online or offline contact with you as an individual, and includes your name; title; home and/or business address; e-mail address; home and/or business telephone, wireless and/or fax number; credit card and other payment information; demographic information; your location; art interests or preferences, art purchases, auction activity and bidding history, paddle numbers, bidding amounts, payment history. "Personal Information" includes "Personal Data" as that term is defined in the Indian Data Protection Directive. This Privacy Policy explains, in general, what Personal Information and other information Invaluable shares with Vernssage via the Vernssage on Invaluable Online Platform, how that information is used, and with whom we may share that information. Please take a few minutes to read our Privacy Policy so that you understand how Vernssage treats your Personal Information.

WHAT INFORMATION COLLECTED ON VERNSSAGE ON INVALUABLE ONLINE PLATFORM DOES VERNSSAGE RECEIVE FROM INVALUABLE?

User-Provided Information
Invaluable collects Personal Information about Invaluable users who register and/or bid via the Vernssage on Invaluable Online Platform and may share that information with Vernssage. Invaluable may collect such Personal information, for example, through users' activities, transactions and completion of online forms on the Platform. Such information is collected, for example, when users register to bid, place bids, are successful in purchasing at auction, submit a comment or question to Invaluable, contact Invaluable or Vernssage for customer service or use any similar "contact us" feature, send Vernssage or Invaluable an email, or in any other way submit Personal Information to Invaluable related to their use of the Vernssage on Invaluable Online Platform.

How is your Personal Information used?
Vernssage will use the Personal Information that Invaluable shares with us to provide services to you. For example, Vernssage may use your Personal Information to respond to your requests and inquiries, to provide you with client service that you request, and to prevent, detect and to investigate fraud, security breaches, or other potentially prohibited or illegal behavior and to enforce our policies. We will also use your Personal Information to maintain our internal record keeping, to run credit checks and to report to credit bureaus. Late payments, missed payments, or other defaults in connection with your transaction activity on the Vernssage on Invaluable Online Platform may be reflected in your credit report. We may match or combine information collected from you through different means or at different times, including both Personal Information and information about your use of the Platform, and use such information along with information obtained from other sources, including from third parties.

In addition, we may use your Personal Information to contact you via email, telephone or postal mail or as you otherwise authorize us in order to inform you about certain other Vernssage events and services.

Marketing Preferences
You have the right to "opt in" and "opt out" of certain of our uses of your Personal Information and may change your preferences regarding such uses at any time. For example, you may have the opportunity to elect whether or not to receive commercial correspondence from us related to certain auctions, sales and other services. You may also opt-out of Vernssage promotional e-mails by clicking on the opt-out link within the e-mail you receive from us, or of Vernssage's postal mailings by following the directions in such mailings. Please be aware that it may take up to 10 business day(s)for Vernssage to update your preferences. During that time, you may continue to receive messages from us.

Please understand that if you opt-out of receiving promotional correspondence from us, we may still contact you in connection with your relationship, activities, transactions and communications with us, including on the Vernssage on Invaluable Online Platform.

Do we share Personal Information and Web Site Usage Information with others?
Vernssage does not sell, lease or give your Personal Information we receive from Invaluable relating to Vernssage on Invaluable Online Platform to any other company, except as otherwise described herein.

Service Providers
Vernssage may use third party partners to provide products or services to you. We, may, when necessary to do so, share your Personal Information with our affiliates, service providers or other third parties that provide products or Services for or through this Web Site or for our business purposes (such as Web site or database hosting companies, address list hosting companies, e-mail service providers, analytics companies, distribution companies, fulfillment companies, and other similar service providers that use such information on our behalf). These third party partners are obligated to protect the security and confidentiality of your information.

Call Center
Vernssage may provide certain Personal Information to Vernssage third-party call center. The third-party call center is required to keep all sensitive information about you and your use of this Web Site confidential. The call center is required to use your information solely in order to help you with registration or sign-in problems and other services.

Aggregate Statistics
We may disclose aggregate statistics regarding user behavior as a measure of interest in, and use of, this Web Site and e-mails to third parties in the form of aggregate data, such as overall patterns or demographic reports that do not describe or identify any individual user. Aggregate statistics we disclose in this manner do not contain your Personal Information.

Legally Compelled Disclosures
We may disclose user information to government authorities or other third parties when we believe such disclosure is required by law. We may also disclose user information as necessary to enforce the Vernssage Web Site Terms and Conditions, in connection with investigations, or when we believe disclosure is necessarily incident to the provision of Vernssage services or to the protection of the rights, property or safety of Vernssage or others.

Business Transfer
Vernssage regards its databases of customer information (which will include your Personal Information) as a valuable asset. In the event that Vernssage, any entity of The Vernssage Group, or substantially all of its or their assets, are acquired by one or more third parties as a result of an acquisition, merger, sale, reorganization, consolidation or liquidation, such databases containing Personal Information may be one of the transferred assets. By using the Services you consent to such transfer of your Personal Information.

Your Access Rights
You may review and edit the Personal Information that is stored by Vernssage by contacting Vernssage via the email address at the end of this policy. We will endeavor to respond to your request as soon as practicable. Before we are able to provide you with any information, correct any inaccuracies or delete any information, however, we may ask you to verify your identity and to provide other details to help us to respond to your request. In addition, you have the right to request access to the Personal Information that we hold about you at any time.

Security
Vernssage will take reasonable steps to protect the security and integrity of the Personal Information Invaluable shares with us, including by making your Personal Information available to our employees and agents only on a need-to-know basis. However, due to the inherent nature of the Internet as an open global communications vehicle, we cannot guarantee that information, during transmission through the Internet or while stored on our system or otherwise in our care, will be absolutely safe from intrusion by others, such as hackers.

If you contact us by e-mail or a "contact us" or similar feature on our Web Site, you should be aware that your transmission might not be secure. A third party could view information you send by these methods in transit.

We will have no liability for disclosure of your information due to errors or unauthorized acts of third parties.
In the unlikely event that we believe that the security of your Personal Information in our possession or control may have been compromised, we may seek to notify you of that development. If a notification is appropriate, we will endeavor to do so as promptly as possible under the circumstances, and, if we have your e-mail address, we may notify you by e-mail. You consent to our use of e-mail as a means of such notification.

Phishing
With identity theft a continuing problem, it has become increasingly common for unauthorised individuals to send e-mail messages to consumers, purporting to represent a legitimate company such as a bank or on-line merchant, requesting that the consumer provide personal, often sensitive information. Sometimes, the domain name of the e-mail address from which the e-mail appears to have been sent, and the domain name of the web site requesting such information, appears to be the domain name of a legitimate, trusted company. In reality, such sensitive information is received by an unauthorized individual to be used for purposes of identity theft. This illegal activity has come to be known as "phishing."
Vernssage will never request your password or social security number via e-mail. If you receive an e-mail or other correspondence requesting that you provide any sensitive information (including your password for the Platform or your credit card information) via e-mail or to a web site that does not seem to be affiliated with Vernssage or Invaluable, or that otherwise seems suspicious to you, please do not provide any information in response to the request, and report such request to us.

Consent to Worldwide Transfer and Processing of Personal Data
Vernssage is a global enterprise, with affiliates worldwide. When you give your Personal Information to Vernssage, it may be processed by Vernssage in all countries in which Vernssage has affiliates. Each of these countries has different privacy laws that afford varying levels of protection for your Personal Information. Regardless of the laws in place in these countries, Vernssage will treat the privacy of your information in accordance with the terms of this Privacy Policy. By providing your Personal Information to Vernssage, you consent to Vernssage transmission to, and processing of your information in, any jurisdiction, in accordance with this Privacy Policy.

Changes to this Privacy Policy
Vernssage reserves the right to change or update this Privacy Policy, or any other of our policies or practices, at any time, and will notify users of this Web Site by posting such changed or updated Privacy Policy on this Web Site, or by otherwise making such changed or updated Privacy Policy accessible to affected users. Any changes or updates will be effective immediately upon posting to this Web Site, or upon such other notice by us. Under certain circumstances, we may also elect to notify you of changes or updates to our Privacy Policy by additional means, such as by sending you an e-mail.

If you have any questions or comments regarding our privacy practices or wish to verify or change the information in our files, you may contact us at art@vernssage.com You may also send mail to us with any comments, questions or concerns at:

Vernssage Art Consultancy
C 128, Sector 50,
Noida, Uttar Pradesh,
India - 201303

Payment

Accepted forms of payment: Wire Transfer

Shipping Terms

Shipping: Once your payment has been received and cleared, property may be released. Unless other-wise agreed by Vernssage, all purchases must be removed by the 30th calendar day following a sale.

Collection and Delivery
Post Sale Services
• 91 - 9818600534
• 91 - 7678541329
vernssage@gmail.com
art@vernssage.com

Shipping Services

Vernssage offers a comprehensive shipping service to meet all of your requirements. If you received a shipping quotation or have any questions about the services we offer please contact us.

Collecting your Property

As a courtesy to purchasers who come to Vernssage to collect property, Vernssage will assist in the packing of lots, although Vernssage may, in the case of fragile articles, choose not to pack or otherwise handle a purchase.

If you are using your own shipper to collect property from Vernssage, please provide a letter of authorization and kindly instruct your shipper that they must provide a Bill of Lading prior to collection. Both documents must be sent to Post Sale Services prior to collection.

The Bill of Lading must include: the purchaser's full name, the full delivery address including the street name and number, city and state or city and country, the sale and lot number.

Vernssage will contact your shipper within 24 hours of receipt of the Bill of Lading to confirm the date and time that your property can be collected. Property will not be released without this confirmation and your shipper must bring the same Bill of Lading that was emailed to Vernssage when collecting. All property releases are subject to the receipt of cleared funds.

Please see the Conditions of Sale for further details.