Treasure from the Palace - An Important Private Asian Collection, Lot 3091-3094 Hongli (Emperor Qianlong) 1711-1799 Poems of Trip to Western Qing Tombs cinnabar on paper, five pieces 22.4 x 9.2 cm. 8 x 3 in. (5) ---------------------------------------------- 3091-3094 1711-1799 () () ()
AN IMPERIAL SPINACH-GREEN JADE ‘LUOHAN’ PANEL AFTER GUANXIU (823-912 AD), WITH A POETIC EULOGY BY HONGLI (1711-1799) Opinion: Imperial jade plaques from this distinct group are exceedingly rare. It is impossible to say whether the present lot once served as a table screen, possibly within a group of sixteen, or if it was once part of an Imperial jade book, such as the example in the Chester Beatty Library, Dublin, which portrays all sixteen luohan with accompanying inscriptions (see literature comparison). Either way, the supreme skill level of the incision work overall, as well as the carefully chosen stone and the immaculate calligraphy, all very clearly reflect Imperial workshop quality, no less. The poetic eulogy: Shaking the rock, he leans his knee on it and there takes his rest. It is only this superior being, neither speaking nor silent, who has such eyebrows that trail to the ground. As he pulls them up by hand, does he not seem to be sorting through clouds, and this shows how very fine they are. The author: Born Hongli, the fourth son of Yongzheng, Qianlong was the sixth Emperor of the Qing dynasty, reigning from 1735 to 1796. In 1796, he abdicated in favor of his son, Jiaqing, a filial act in order not to reign longer than his grandfather, the Kangxi Emperor, who ruled for 61 years. Despite his retirement, he retained ultimate power as the Emperor Emeritus until his death in 1799, making him one of the longest-reigning monarchs in history, and, dying at the age of 87, one of the longest-lived. As a capable and cultured ruler inheriting a thriving empire, during his long reign, the Qing Empire reached its most splendid and prosperous era, boasting a large population and economy. China, 1736-1795. Superbly incised and gilt with the luohan Kalika seated in a relaxed pose atop a rocky outcrop, a pair of sandals on the ground below him, all beneath a minute inscription identifying him along with an Imperial eulogy, and three finely incised seal marks. In one hand the luohan holds one of his extremely long eyebrows between two fingers. He is wearing loose-fitting monastic robes with well rendered folds, while the structure of the rock below is expressively incised as well. Provenance: From a noted private collection in Paris, France. Condition: Very good condition with minor wear, natural imperfections to the stone, and minuscule nicks here and there. The gilt to the incisions is partially faded and lost. Smooth silky matte polish overall, as expected on this type of imperial jade plaque. Weight: 265.6 g Dimensions: Size 14.1 x 9 cm The distinctively exaggerated depiction of the luohan Kalika, finely incised and gilt on the present jade panel, originated with the famous Five Dynasties painter Guanxiu (823-912 AD), whose hugely influential rendition of each luohan's iconography is seen on a number of Qing dynasty Imperial jade carvings and other works of art. In 1757, Qianlong embarked upon a tour of inspection in southern China and visited Hangzhou where he was stationed near Shengyin Si, the monastery that owned the original paintings of the sixteen luohans by Guanxiu. The emperor believed the paintings to be the same set that had been recorded in the Xuanhe Huapu, the inventory of the Song dynasty emperor Huizong. Upon examining the paintings, it is reported that Qianlong wrote a poetic eulogy to each luohan image, renumbering them and providing a translation of their names in Chinese, see Nick Pearce, 'Images of Guanxiu's Sixteen Luohan in Eighteenth-Century China', Apollo, February 2003, pp. 25-31. In 1764, the head abbot at the Shengyin Si monastery, Master Mingshui, instructed local stone engravers to copy the sixteen portraits, incising Guangxiu's lines as well as the emperor's calligraphy and seals onto sixteen large flat stones that were embedded into the sixteen sides of the Miaoxiang marble Pagoda, illustrated in the exhibition catalog The Emperor's Private Paradise, Treasures from the Forbidden City, Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, 2010, fig. 23. In the following decades, the Qianlong emperor had artisans reproduce the images in a variety of mediums, including incising them on jade plaques. A Qianlong period jade book in the Chester Beatty Library, Dublin portraying sixteen luohan with accompanying inscriptions, is illustrated in William Watson, Chinese Jade Books in the Chester Beatty Library, Dublin, 1963, pls. 6-7. Literature comparison: Compare a stone rubbing after the set attributed to Guanxiu, possibly by Ding Guanpeng, in the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, accession number 59.195.16. Auction result comparison: Type: Closely related Auction: Sotheby’s Paris, 11 December 2014, lot 164 Price: EUR 97,500 or approx. EUR 113,500 adjusted for inflation at the time of writing Description: Important écran Imperial en jade celadon, Dynastie Qing, époque Qianlong Expert remark: Compare the closely related depiction of Kalika, with the same identifying inscription and poetic eulogy found on the screen as on the present lot. Auction result comparison: Type: Closely related Auction: Sotheby’s New York, 16 March 2016, lot 401 Estimate: USD 50,000 or approx. EUR 58,000 converted and adjusted for inflation at the time of writing Description: A rare incised and gilt spinach-green jade ‘luohan’ table screen, Qing dynasty, 18 th-19 th century. 貫休款御製羅漢弘曆(1711-1799)詩文碧玉板 中國，1736-1795年。雕刻精美，鎏金嘎禮嘎尊者以游戲姿坐在岩石上，腳下放著一雙涼鞋。羅漢一隻手二指之間夾著他的長眉。他身著寬鬆的僧袍，褶皺紋理流暢。 專家注釋：御製玉牌極為罕見，不能確定它是否曾是桌屏，或者它曾經是皇家玉冊的一部分。例如都柏林切斯特比蒂圖書館中的例子，可見十六個羅漢，都附有銘文（見文獻比較）。不管怎樣，整體的刀工工藝水平，以及精心挑選的玉料和完美無瑕的書法，都非常清楚地體現了皇家作坊的品質。 詩句：撼石側膝，於焉以息，惟是上人，非語非默，眉毛拖地，以手輓之，詎雲揀擇，示此絲絲 作者：乾隆為雍正第四子，名弘曆，是清朝第六位皇帝，在位時間為1735年至1796年。1796年，他為了不超過祖父康熙的在位時間，退位給嘉慶。他是歷史上在位時間最長的君主之一，87歲時去世，也是最長壽的君主之一。在他的統治時期，清帝國達到了最輝煌、最繁榮的時代，人口眾多，經濟發達。 來源：法國巴黎知名私人收藏 品相：狀況極好，有輕微磨損，玉料有自然瑕疵，很多微小的刻痕。切口的鎏金部分褪色並丟失。整體光滑瑩潤，正如皇家玉冊的預期。 重量：265.6克 尺寸：14.1 x 9厘米 這塊玉冊上鎏金羅漢嘎禮嘎尊者，畫像出自五代著名畫家貫休（公元823-912年）之手，其對羅漢各像的影響巨大。 乾隆南巡，駐紮在錢塘聖因寺附近，這裡有貫休得十六應真像原圖。皇帝認為這些畫與宋徽宗清冊《宣和畫譜》中記載的相同。據說，乾隆在檢查這些畫作後，為每一幅羅漢像都題跋，並重新進行編號，為做了中文名字翻譯，Nick Pearce, ‘Images of Guanxiu’s Sixteen Luohan in Eighteenth-Century China’，阿波羅， 2003年2月，第25-31頁。 在接下來的幾十年裡，乾隆皇帝讓工匠們用各種材料製作十六應真像，包括將它們刻在玉冊上。都柏林Chester Beatty圖書館收藏的乾隆時期玉書，描繪了十六羅漢並附有銘文，插圖載於William Watson，《Chinese Jade Books in the Chester Beatty Lbrary》，都柏林，1963年，圖6-7。 文獻比較： 比較一件貫休款的石刻拓片，可能是丁關鵬所作，收藏於大都會藝術博物館收藏，收藏編號為59.195.16。 拍賣結果比較： 形制：非常相近 拍賣：巴黎蘇富比，2014年12月11日，lot 164 價格：EUR 97,500（相當於今日 EUR 113,500） 描述：乾隆御製青花瓷玉屏風 專家評論：比較同樣描繪嘎禮嘎尊者的形式，以及相同的詩詞、悼詞。 拍賣結果比較： 形制：非常相近 拍賣：紐約蘇富比，2016年3月16日，lot 401 估價：USD 50,000（相當於今日 EUR 58,000） 描述：清代十八至十九世紀菠菜綠鎏金羅漢玉屏風
EMPEROR QIANLONG (1711-1799) Self Composed Poem in Running Script Ink on dragon painted paper, hanging scroll Inscribed and signed yubi (by the emperor himself), with two seals of the artist 185cm x 91cm (72¾in x 35¾in) For further information on this lot please visit the Bonhams website
‘IN THE MORNING ONE CAN LEARN THEIR LESSON FROM WHAT ONE HAS GRASPED IN THE EVENING’, HONGLI (1711-1799) China, ink on paper, album leaf, calligraphy in running script. The present lot is an original calligraphy written by the Qianlong Emperor, born Hongli. Inscriptions: Calligraphy, ‘In the morning one can learn their lesson from what one has grasped in the evening’. One personal seal of the Emperor top center, ‘Qianlong yushu (written by Emperor Qianlong)’, three collector’s seals, one lower left, ‘Ding Fuzhi ceng guan (viewed by Ding Fuzhi)’, two lower right, ‘Cengcang Wang Ti’an chu (collected by Wang Ti’an)’, and ‘Jin Futing Shouxianshi kaocang (Collection of Jin Futing)’. Provenance: Probably in the collection of Jin Futing (active during the Daoguang and Xianfeng reigns). Collection of Wang Zuxi (1858-1908, collector’s seal ‘Wang Ti’an’). Thereafter possibly in the collection of Ding Fuzhi (1879-1949). From there through various collections to the present owner. Wang Zuxi was a noted late Qing dynasty collector and connoisseur from Shaoxing. Ding Fuzhi was a painter, calligrapher, and seal artist, whose works frequently appear at Sotheby’s and Christie’s. In 1904 he founded the Xiling Seal Art Society together with Ye Ming and Wu Yin. Condition: Good to very good condition with old wear, worm holes, center fold, water stains to edges, minor losses to corners. Dimensions: Size 39.2 x 49.9 cm Hongli was the fourth son of Yongzheng and born to Noble Consort Xi. He was adored by his grandfather, the Kangxi Emperor, and some historians argue to this day that Kangxi appointed Yongzheng as his successor only because Hongli was his favorite grandson. One of China’s eternal visionaries, Kangxi is said to have spotted the singular leadership talent of the later Emperor Qianlong in Hongli when he was still a child. Finding an original calligraphy by Hongli’s own hand outside of China is quite rare, although many can be seen in major museums in China and around the globe, where they have been admired by an audience of millions. Besides being an avid and passionate art collector, the Qianlong Emperor was also a talented poet and calligraphist, often gifting his works to his subjects, thus bestowing great honor upon them. Literature comparison: The seal imprint top center is from an Imperial seal registered in Guo Fuxiang, Gugong bowuyuan cang qingdai dihou xiyin pu Qianlong juan yi (Catalogue of Imperial Seals of the Qing dynasty. Qianlong Book 1), vol. II, p. 15. Note the size of the inner seal frame is 44 x 46 mm (height x width) and identical on both the imprint in the catalog and on the calligraphy. As the seal imprint illustrated in the catalog was recorded shortly after carving, very minor differences in these measurements are considered negligible, because of the continued use of the seal over many years. Auction result comparison: Compare with a pair of hanging scrolls with a poetic couplet in running script by the Qianlong Emperor at Christie’s New York in Fine Chinese Paintings on 10 September 2019, lot 2, sold for USD 50,000, and another couplet by the Emperor on two silk panels at Sotheby’s Hong Kong in Fine Classical Chinese Paintings on 1 October 2018, lot 2606, sold for HKD 625,000. Compare also with a four-character calligraphy in regular script on two silk panels at Sotheby’s Hong Kong in Fine Classical Chinese Paintings on 5 October 2015, lot 1137, sold for HKD 3,680,000, and a two-character calligraphy in running script on a silk panel, in heavily damaged condition, at Bonhams London in Fine Chinese Art on 17 May 2018, lot 76, sold for GBP 23,750. 《暮悟朝鑑》，弘歷 (1711-1799) 中國，紙本水墨, 斗方。行書。乾隆皇帝御筆。 鈐印：乾隆御筆 藏印：丁輔之曾觀，曾藏王惕安處，金黼廷瘦仙氏考 來源：可能曾被金黼廷 (活躍於道光咸豐時期) 所收藏。王祖錫(1858-1908)收藏，一枚玲印。之後可能為丁輔之 (1879-1949) 收藏。 輾轉到現今藏家手中。 王祖錫是晚清著名的收藏家、鑑賞家，紹興人。丁輔之是一著名的畫家、書法家、印章雕刻家，其作品經常於蘇富比與佳士得上出現。1904年丁輔之與王禔、葉銘、吳隱共同創辦西泠印社。 品相：狀況良好至極好，有舊磨損，蟲孔，摺痕，邊緣有水漬，角落有輕微損失。 尺寸：39.2 x 49.9 厘米 乾隆是雍正的四子。 他非常崇拜祖父康熙皇帝。直到今天，一些歷史學家還在爭辯說，康熙任雍正為繼任者，只是因為乾隆是他最喜歡的孫子。 據說，康熙是中國歷代皇帝中最有遠見卓識的皇帝之一，他在乾隆幼小時發現他在領導力方面的獨特才能。 儘管在中國乃至全球的主要博物館都可以看到弘歷的御筆，但在中國以外的地方找到乾隆御筆還是很少見。 乾隆除了是一位狂熱的藝術品收藏家外，還是一位才華橫溢的詩人和書法家，經常將自己的作品贈與他的大臣，代表著極大的榮譽。 文獻比較: 正中央的“乾隆御筆”印曾被記錄在郭福祥的《故宮博物院藏清代帝后璽印譜——乾隆卷一》第二冊，第15頁。印尺寸為44 x 46 毫米 (高x 寬)，斗方上的印與畫冊裏一致。由於刻印後不久就記錄在冊，多年來一直使用所以會造成與記錄中的值微小差異，可以忽略不計。 拍賣結果比較：一對乾隆御筆行書挂軸見紐約佳士得 Fine Chinese Paintings 拍場2019年9月 10日lot 2, 售價USD 50,000, ；一件御筆條幅見香港蘇富比 Fine Classical Chinese Paintings 拍場2018年10月1日 lot 2606, 售價HKD 625,000. ；一件四字楷書條幅見香港蘇富比Fine Classical Chinese Paintings 拍場2015年10月5 日 lot 1137, 售價HKD 3,680,000, ；一輻二字行書條幅，嚴重損壞，見倫敦邦瀚斯Fine Chinese Art 拍場2018年5月17日 lot 76, 售價GBP 23,750.
CALLIGRAPHY OF HONGLI, EMPEROR QIANLONG (1711 – 1799). Chinese ink rubbing, unmounted. 190 x 97cm. 乾隆皇帝弘曆書法 碑帖拓片 **Due to Covid-19, London Chiswick Auctions is operating a skeleton staff working remotely. As a result condition reports and extra images may be subject to delay or limited availability. ** **由於2019冠狀病毒爆發的原因，倫敦齊仕閣拍賣會行只有少部分員工在家辦公。這可能會導致延發/少發品相報告及照片。** (190 x 97cm.)
HONGLI, EMPEROR QIANLONG (ATTRIBUTED TO, 1711-1799) Calligraphy Hanging scroll, ink on paper 26 5/8 x 15 in. (67.6 x 38.3 cm.) Inscribed, with two seals of the artist Dated early spring, jiaxu year (1754)
HONGLI (EMPEROR QIANLONG, attributed to, 1711 – 1799) Calligraphy Chinese ink on paper, hanging scroll painting signed Yu'bi, with three seals of the artist 158 x 53cm. 愛新覺羅·弘歷（傳） 書法 水墨纸本 立轴 款識：江上間銜細雨行，滿衣風瀛綠荷聲。金騮掉尾橫鞭望，猶指廬陵半日程。 禦筆 鈐印：「乾隆辰翰」「意靜妙堪會」「漪瀾堂」
Emperor Qianlong Aisin Gioro Hongli (1711-1799) IMPERIAL CALLIGRAPHY ink on red paper, mounted and with one seal 58.4 x 136 cm ( 23 x 53 1/2 in ) Lot 6087-6104 originate from the same Taiwanese collector RESERVE: HK$ 40,000 / RMB 32,000 乾隆帝 愛新覺羅．弘曆 (1711-1799) 御筆書法 水墨紅箋 鏡片 款識: 白雲深處。 鈐印一個 58.4 x 136 cm 約 7.29 平尺 編號6087-6104拍品來自台灣同一藏家 保留價: HK$ 40,000 / RMB 32,000 清高宗愛新覺羅．弘歷，清朝第六位皇帝，定都北京之後的第四位皇帝。在位六十年，禪位後又繼續訓政，實際行使最高權力長達六十三年零四個月，是中國歷史上實際執掌國家最高權力時間最長的皇帝，也是最長壽的皇帝。
Hongli (Emperor Qianlong) 1711-1799 Calligraphy in running scriptWritten in bold strokes with velvety ink on silk with the auspicious characters 'Fu' and 'Shou' meaning 'Good Fortune' and 'Longevity' respectively, with Yu Bi seal. 111cm (43 7/8in) wide x 63.7cm (25in) long. 愛新覺羅·弘曆（公元1711-1799年） 御筆「福壽」書法 鈐印： 乾隆御筆Provenance: Heinz Dietel (1911–1975), Erfurt, until 1975The German Democratic Republic (East Germany) state-owned art-trade organisation, Staatlicher Kunsthandel, Erfurt, 1976 –1977Museum für Völkerkunde, Dresden, 1977 – 2018The heir of Heinz Dietel, restituted by the Staatliche Kunstsammlungen, Dresden in 2018來源： 1975年前為德國艾爾福特Heinz Dietel先生(1911–1975)收藏1976至1977年期間為德意志民主共和國（東德）國有藝術商店所有1977至2018年期間為德國德累斯頓人類學博物館收藏2018年由德累斯頓國家藝術收藏館償還予Heinz Dietel先生之家族後人 Heinz Dietel, an avid collector with a passion for East Asian art, was pursued by the East German regime and its secret police (known as STASI) in order to transfer his collection to state possession. After his death in November 1975, the present Imperial calligraphy, amongst other works of art, was acquired by the state-owned art trade organisation (Staatlicher Kunsthandel, Erfurt) following a tax proceeding against his estate and subsequent liquidation. From there it was acquired by the Museum für Völkerkunde, Dresden in January 1977 where it has been until recently, when following amicable settlement, the calligraphy was returned to the heir of Heinz Dietel by the Staatliche Kunstsammlungen, Dresden.Compare with a similar pair of calligraphies by the Qianlong emperor, which was sold at Sotheby's Hong Kong, 5 October 2015, lot 1137.
Emperor Qianlong (1711-1799) IMPERIAL CALLIGRAPHY ink on yellow paper, mounted, dated 1744, signed QIAN LONG and with two seals 39.5 x 127 cm ( 15 1/2 x 50 in ) RESERVE: HK$ 2,000 / RMB 1,700 乾隆 (1711-1799) 御筆書法 甲子（1744）年作 水墨黃箋 鏡片 款識: 無憂者壽。乾隆甲子嘉平月望日御筆。 鈐印二個: 乾隆御筆、乾隆定翰 39.5 x 127 cm 約 4.61 平尺 保留價: HK$ 2,000 / RMB 1,700 乾隆帝，愛新覺羅氏，諱弘曆，正黃旗滿洲人，汗號「騰格裏特古格奇汗」，年號「乾隆」。雍正帝第四子，雍正十三年登基，在位至乾隆六十年。因其繼位之時有在位時間不越祖父康熙帝之誓言，故而禪位於其子顒琰。此時的乾隆雖為太上皇，但依然「訓政」。為中國歷史上執政時間最長的皇帝，共六十四年。
清 乾隆皇帝 (1711 - 1799) 朱砂竹 设色纸本立轴 1756 年作 款识：御笔 钤印：(乾隆御笔) 题跋： 淡墨淋漓粉节香， 清风仿佛见潇湘； 一般红杏沾恩泽， 别有浓阴盖草堂。 乾隆丙子七月 臣梁诗正恭题 Emperor Qianlong Qing Dynasty Cinnabar Bamboo Hanging Scroll, Color on Paper Dated 1756 Signed with one artist seal Colophon by Liang Shizheng
QING QIANLONG (1711-1799, Reigned 1736-1795) Calligraphy ink on gold paper, hanging scroll, dated 1765, with one seal of the artist. 136 x 54 cm.(~ 6.74 ft²) 清乾隆皇帝 書法 一七一一至一七九九年，一七三六年至一七九五年在位 水墨金箋 立軸 一七六五年作 款識：(文不錄)，乙酉閏□月上澣御筆。 鈐印：「乾隆宸翰」
QING QIANLONG (1711-1799, Reigned 1736-1795) Calligraphy Complet ink on gold-flecked paper, hanging scroll, with two seals of the artist. 137 x 32.5 cm.(~ 4.09 ft²) (2) 清乾隆皇帝 對聯 一七一一至一七九九年，一七三六年至一七九五年在位 水墨灑金箋本 立軸 款識：知仁山水樂非獨，易簡乾坤趣可尋。 鈐印：「所寶惟賢」、「乾隆御筆」
QING QIANLONG (1711-1799, Reigned 1736-1795) Calligraphy Complet ink on gold-flecked paper, hanging scroll, with two seals of the artist. 66 x 40 cm.(~ 2.42 ft²) (2) 清乾隆皇帝 對聯 一七一一至一七九九年，一七三六年至一七九五年在位 灑金龍紋箋本 立軸 款識：麗日輕風移花加護惜，暖香明豔有竹便含情。 鈐印：「乾隆宸翰」、「惟精惟弌」
signed Yubi, with three seals of the artist, qian long yu bi, chang yi ming dao, san feng wu si with four collector's seals, shou zheng jian shang (4), qing fen tang cang shu hua yin (4), shou zheng zhen cang (4), ming de
A Fine Chinese Calligraphy, nice Chinese character, signed and sealed, attributed to Chinese Calligraphy Qianlong Emperor (1711- 1799), good condition; 119x57cm
EMPEROR QIANLONG (1711-1799) >Seven-character Poems in Running script<br>Hanging scroll >ink on wax paper<br>135.5 x 61.2 cm. (53 3/8 x 24 1/8 in.) >Inscribed and signed, with two seals of the Emperor<br>Dated spring, dingchou year of the Qianlong era (1757) >TRANSLATION OF THE POEM:<br>The spring, clean and fresh, resembles a shining mirror; >The breeze, caressing the surface, creates some ripples.<br>At night, it reflects half the thousand-year-old moon; >The bamboo patches around form shadows of dragons and phoenixes.<br>The view makes me reminisce about the story of Su Shi; >It also reminds me of the life of Li Shen.<br>If they saw me urging my horse forward to leave, >They would surely laugh and say that I was a philistine.<br>
EMPEROR QIANLONG (REIGNED 1736-1796) Seven-character Poem Calligraphy Hanging scroll, ink on paper 16.2 x 48.5 cm. (6 3/8 x 19 1/4 in.) Inscribed and signed, with two seals of the Emperor Dated summer, xinchou year (1781)
EMPEROR QIANLONG (REIGNED 1736-1796) Standard Script Calligraphy Scroll, mounted and framed, ink on silk 19 x 88.3 cm. (7.5 x 34 7/8 in.) Seven-character poem, inscribed and signed, with three seals of the Emperor Dated winter, bingwu year (1786)
